PERDAS E DESPERDÍCIOS DE ALIMENTOS AO LONGO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTOS
UMA ANÁLISE DE REGIÕES DESENVOLVIDAS E EM DESENVOLVIMENTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24325/issn.2446-5763.vespi1p11-27Palavras-chave:
Perdas de alimentos, Desperdício de alimentos, Cadeia de suprimentos alimentar, Regiões desenvolvidas, Regiões em desenvolvimento, Food loss, Food waste, Food supply chain, Developed regions, Developing regionsResumo
Estudos sobre perdas e desperdícios de alimentos vêm aumentando no decorrer dos últimos anos, em consequência dos impactos econômicos, sociais e ambientais causados por essas avarias, que ocorrem desde a produção do alimento até o seu consumo final. Entretanto, a literatura distingue os termos “perdas” e “desperdícios” conforme o estágio em que a avaria ocorre na cadeia de suprimentos alimentar (CSA).
Avarias que ocorrem no início de uma CSA, nos estágios de produção, pós-colheita e processamento são consideradas “perdas”, enquanto que avarias que ocorrem no final de uma CSA, nos estágios de distribuição e consumo, são consideradas “desperdícios”. Nesse contexto, este trabalho busca analisar através de dados secundários coletados da Organização das Nações Unidas para Alimentação e Agricultura (FAO), as porcentagens de avarias de alimentos ocorridas em diferentes grupos de países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, identificando suas possíveis causas. Dentre os alimentos analisados, destacam-se os grãos e cereais, raízes e tubérculos, oleaginosas e leguminosas, frutas e vegetais, carnes, peixes e frutos do mar, e leite. Por fim, o estudo conclui que a quantidade de alimentos perdidos ou desperdiçados em regiões desenvolvidas e em desenvolvimentos são divergentes. Geralmente, regiões desenvolvidas desperdiçam mais alimentos, embora que regiões em desenvolvimento enfrentam desafios maiores no gerenciamento de perdas e desperdícios.
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Referências
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Bagherzadeh, M., M. Inamura and H. Jeong (2014), “Food Waste Along the Food Chain”, OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 71, OECD Publishing, Paris. 2014.
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Carvalho, D. Fome e desperdício de alimentos. Revista Desafios do Desenvolvimento, Brasília, v. 54, p. 47-55, 2009.
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Eriksson, Mattias; Strid, Ingrid; Hansson, Per-Anders. Carbon footprint of food waste management options in the waste hierarchy–a Swedish case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 93, p. 115-125, 2015.
Eriksson, Mattias et al. Quantification of food waste in public catering services–A case study from a Swedish municipality. Waste management, v. 61, p. 415-422, 2017.
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Hodges, Rick J.; Buzby, Jean C.; Bennett, Ben. Postharvest losses and waste in developed and less developed countries: opportunities to improve resource use. The Journal of Agricultural Science, v. 149, n. S1, p. 37-45, 2011.
Kantor, Linda Scott et al. Estimating and addressing America’s food losses. Food review, v. 20, n. 1, p. 2-12, 1997.
Kitinoja, Lisa; Kader, Adel A. Measuring postharvest losses of fresh fruits and vegetables in developing countries. The Postharvest Education Foundation (PEF White Paper 15-02), 2015.
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Lorini, Irineu. Perdas anuais em grãos armazenados chegam a 10% da produção nacional. 2015. Disponível em:
< http://www.esalq.usp.br/visaoagricola/sites/default/files/VA_13_Colheita_armazenamento-artigo3.pdf>. Acesso em: 14 Mar. 2017.
Mccarthy, Breda; LIU, Hong Bo. Food waste and the ‘green’consumer. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), v. 25, n. 2, p. 126-132, 2017.
Papargyropoulou, Effie et al. The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 76, p. 106-115, 2014.
Parfitt, Julian; Barthel, Mark; Macnaughton, Sarah. Food waste within food supply chains: quantification and potential for change to 2050. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 365, n. 1554, p. 3065-3081, 2010.
Popkin, Barry M.; Adair, Linda S.; NG, Shu Wen. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutrition reviews, v. 70, n. 1, p. 3-21, 2012.
Porpino, Gustavo; Parente, Juracy; Wansink, Brian. Food waste paradox: antecedents of food disposal in low income households. International journal of consumer studies, v. 39, n. 6, p. 619-629, 2015.
Shafiee-Jood, Majid; CAI, Ximing. Reducing food loss and waste to enhance food security and environmental sustainability. Environmental science & technology, v. 50, n. 16, p. 8432-8443, 2016.
Springer, N.; Flaherty, R.; Robertson, K. Losses in the Field: An Opportunity Ripe for Harvesting. 2013.
Thi, Ngoc Bao Dung; Lin, Chiu-Yue; Kumar, Gopalakrishnan. Waste-to-wealth for valorization of food waste to hydrogen and methane towards creating a sustainable ideal source of bioenergy. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 122, p. 29-41, 2016.
Van Der Werf, Paul; Gilliland, Jason A. A systematic review of food losses and food waste generation in developed countries. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Waste and Resource Management. Thomas Telford Ltd, 2017. p. 66-77.
Yaqub, Siddiqua. Social and socio-demographic effects on food waste: the case of suboptimal food. Dissertação de Mestrado. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 2016.
Aulakh, Jaspreet; Regmi, Anita. Post-harvest food losses estimation-development of consistent methodology. Agricultural & Applied Economics Associations, p. 4-6, 2013.
Aung, Myo Min; Chang, Yoon Seok. Traceability in a food supply chain: Safety and quality perspectives. Food control, v. 39, p. 172-184, 2014.
Bagherzadeh, M., M. Inamura and H. Jeong (2014), “Food Waste Along the Food Chain”, OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 71, OECD Publishing, Paris. 2014.
Belik, Walter. A política brasileira de segurança alimentar e nutricional: concepção e resultados. Segurança alimentar e nutricional, v. 19, n. 2, p. 94-110, 2012.
Calantone, Roger J.; Vickery, Shawnee K. Introduction to the special topic forum: using archival and secondary data sources in supply chain management research. Journal of Supply Chain Management, v. 46, n. 4, p. 3-11, 2010.
Carvalho, D. Fome e desperdício de alimentos. Revista Desafios do Desenvolvimento, Brasília, v. 54, p. 47-55, 2009.
Chaboud, Géraldine; Daviron, Benoit. Food losses and waste: navigating the inconsistencies. Global Food Security, v. 12, p. 1-7, 2017.
COMPANHIA NACIONAL DE ABASTECIMENTO - CONAB. Acompanhamento da safra brasileira. 2017. Disponível em: < http://www.conab.gov.br/OlalaCMS/uploads/arquivos/16_01_12_09_00_46_boletim_graos_janeiro_2016.pdf >. Acesso em: 10 Mar. 2017.
Dani, Samir. Food supply chain management and logistics: From farm to fork. Kogan Page Publishers, 2015.
Dung, Thi Ngoc Bao et al. Food waste to bioenergy via anaerobic processes. Energy Procedia, v. 61, p. 307-312, 2014.
Eriksson, Mattias; Strid, Ingrid; Hansson, Per-Anders. Carbon footprint of food waste management options in the waste hierarchy–a Swedish case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 93, p. 115-125, 2015.
Eriksson, Mattias et al. Quantification of food waste in public catering services–A case study from a Swedish municipality. Waste management, v. 61, p. 415-422, 2017.
Escaler, Margarita; Teng, Paul. Mind the Gap: Reducing Waste and Losses in the Food Supply Chain. NTS Insight, 2011.
FAO - ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS PARA ALIMENTAÇÃO E AGRICULTURA. Global food losses and food waste – Extent, causes and prevention. Rome, 2011.
FAO - ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS PARA ALIMENTAÇÃO E AGRICULTURA. Food Wastage Footprint. Impacts on Natural Resources, Rome, 2013.
FAO - ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS PARA ALIMENTAÇÃO E AGRICULTURA. Global Initiative on Food Loss and Waste Reduction. Rome, 2015
Godfray, H. Charles J. et al. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, v. 327, n. 5967, p. 812-818, 2010.
Grundvåg Ottesen, Geir. Do upstream actors in the food chain know end-users' quality perceptions? Findings from the Norwegian salmon farming industry. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, v. 11, n. 5, p. 456-463, 2006.
Gustavsson, Jenny et al. Global food losses and food waste. Rome: FAO, 2011.
Gustavsson, J. et al. The methodology of the FAO study: Global Food Losses and Food Waste-extent, causes and prevention”. 2013.
Hall, Kevin D. et al. The progressive increase of food waste in America and its environmental impact. PloS one, v. 4, n. 11, p. e7940, 2009.
Hodges, Rick J.; Buzby, Jean C.; Bennett, Ben. Postharvest losses and waste in developed and less developed countries: opportunities to improve resource use. The Journal of Agricultural Science, v. 149, n. S1, p. 37-45, 2011.
Kantor, Linda Scott et al. Estimating and addressing America’s food losses. Food review, v. 20, n. 1, p. 2-12, 1997.
Kitinoja, Lisa; Kader, Adel A. Measuring postharvest losses of fresh fruits and vegetables in developing countries. The Postharvest Education Foundation (PEF White Paper 15-02), 2015.
Lipinski, Brian et al. Reducing food loss and waste. World Resources Institute Working Paper, June, 2013.
Lorini, Irineu. Perdas anuais em grãos armazenados chegam a 10% da produção nacional. 2015. Disponível em:
< http://www.esalq.usp.br/visaoagricola/sites/default/files/VA_13_Colheita_armazenamento-artigo3.pdf>. Acesso em: 14 Mar. 2017.
Mccarthy, Breda; LIU, Hong Bo. Food waste and the ‘green’consumer. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), v. 25, n. 2, p. 126-132, 2017.
Papargyropoulou, Effie et al. The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 76, p. 106-115, 2014.
Parfitt, Julian; Barthel, Mark; Macnaughton, Sarah. Food waste within food supply chains: quantification and potential for change to 2050. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 365, n. 1554, p. 3065-3081, 2010.
Popkin, Barry M.; Adair, Linda S.; NG, Shu Wen. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutrition reviews, v. 70, n. 1, p. 3-21, 2012.
Porpino, Gustavo; Parente, Juracy; Wansink, Brian. Food waste paradox: antecedents of food disposal in low income households. International journal of consumer studies, v. 39, n. 6, p. 619-629, 2015.
Shafiee-Jood, Majid; CAI, Ximing. Reducing food loss and waste to enhance food security and environmental sustainability. Environmental science & technology, v. 50, n. 16, p. 8432-8443, 2016.
Springer, N.; Flaherty, R.; Robertson, K. Losses in the Field: An Opportunity Ripe for Harvesting. 2013.
Thi, Ngoc Bao Dung; Lin, Chiu-Yue; Kumar, Gopalakrishnan. Waste-to-wealth for valorization of food waste to hydrogen and methane towards creating a sustainable ideal source of bioenergy. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 122, p. 29-41, 2016.
Van Der Werf, Paul; Gilliland, Jason A. A systematic review of food losses and food waste generation in developed countries. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Waste and Resource Management. Thomas Telford Ltd, 2017. p. 66-77.
Yaqub, Siddiqua. Social and socio-demographic effects on food waste: the case of suboptimal food. Dissertação de Mestrado. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 2016.
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Publicado
2018-11-15
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Deliberador, L. R., Batalha, M. O., Freire, C. D., Fontenelle, A. O., & Sabadini, F. C. (2018). PERDAS E DESPERDÍCIOS DE ALIMENTOS AO LONGO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTOS: UMA ANÁLISE DE REGIÕES DESENVOLVIDAS E EM DESENVOLVIMENTO. South American Development Society Journal, 4(Esp01), 11. https://doi.org/10.24325/issn.2446-5763.vespi1p11-27
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